On Aug. 10, 1993, In response to this measles epidemic, the U.S. Congress created the National Vaccine Program (NVP). The Vaccines for Children (VFC) Program became operational October 1, 1994. Known as Section 1928 of the Social Security Act, the VFC is an entitlement program (a right granted by law) for eligible children, ages 18 and younger.

The program was an unprecedented approach to improving vaccine availability nationwide by providing vaccine at no cost to VFC Program-eligible children through VFC Program enrolled public and private health care providers.

The NVP was to provide assistance to States, localities, and health practitioners in the distribution and use of vaccines, including efforts to encourage public acceptance of immunizations and to make health practitioners and the public aware of potential adverse reactions and contraindications to vaccines.